The optimum solution is to repair the computer, by replacing the mother board. Or troubleshooting to find out if their is a memory or other error.
Of course, there may not be a solution that fits your parameters, since you may have to reinstall all your applications, because it is Windows...
Data is no problem since you can mount your drives a secondary drive on the new computer and copy them over.
This is one of those problems that seems simple, but because of windows and the things that software companies do to protect their programs, it becomes a nightmare to complete...