Okay guys, I did some digging, and got the following process from some posts on the manufacturer's support forum.
Doing a 'hard reboot':
1) Closed all programs while the computer was running
2) Carefully and quickly pulled out the power plug
3) Went into the case and removed the CMOS battery from the motherboard
4) Reset the CMOS by using the jumper
5) Put the CMOS battery and power cord back in
6) Hit the power button
7) Re-configured the BIOS to all the relevant settings
8) Booted into Windows
9) At this point, the device was visible in the device manager, so I:
10) Reinstalled the device drivers, available on the ASUS support website.
After this, it has been running fine and as per usual.
I don't know if every step is necessary, but I do know it worked. I think something must have just freaked out the BIOS a little bit.