Question : Problem: What does FIFO stand for?

Actually, it's two questions.  What does FIFO stand for, and what is the signficant of Dual-FIFO (as associated with hard drive controllers?)  Is this a standrd of input/output (as in Flow In Flow Out) used by Intelt or is it something else?

Answer : Problem: What does FIFO stand for?

FIFO stands for First-In First-Out.  Think of it as a pipe.  Stuff comes out the end in the same order as it goes into the front.  In a disk controller, a FIFO is used to buffer data to/from the CPU.  If the data coming from the CPU is too fast for the disk to keep up with (which is common) the FIFO will fill up until the disk gets around to writing the data.  The disk, however, doesn't need to worry about the data getting out of order since it is stored in a FIFO.